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The issue of a crime victim in criminology
Kováříková, Olga ; Pelc, Vladimír (advisor) ; Beranová, Andrea (referee)
This thesis aims to convey knowledge from various fields (victimology, law, psychology, criminology) to the general public and create a basic overview of situations and ensuing responses commonly experienced by crime victims. The emphasis is distinctly directed towards the psychological dimensions of victimization, offering insights into the emotional experiences of victims and their subsequent behavioral manifestations. The first part of the text focuses attention on defining victimology, its origin, the founders and other important personalities of this scientific field and the period of its greatest flourishing. It also traces the historical shift in the victim's role, which initially played a pivotal role in the investigation of criminal acts and the punishment of perpetrators. However, with societal development, the victim gradually lost its importance, and its role was limited to providing testimony. The second section delves into the concept of the victim of a crime, explaining victimization and exploring the typology of victims. At the same time, it describes in more detail specific groups of victims, such as children, the elderly and victims of domestic violence, and the peculiarities that distinguish them from ordinary victims. Additionally, it analyzes widespread myths about victims. The...
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Postcolonial photographic representations of Global South in the context of environmental disasters: The Haiti case
Kotvalová, Lucie ; Hrůzová, Andrea (advisor) ; Silverio, Robert (referee)
The present thesis examines the media representation of Haitian men and women in the context of environmental disasters from a postcolonial perspective. The work builds on the work of postcolonial authors such as Edward Said, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Walter Mignolo, Aníbal Quijano and Gurminder K. Bhambra, according to whom the system of power formed during the colonial period did not end with the formal independence of the former colonies, but transcends this imaginary boundary and materializes to this day through various pathways and processes, termed coloniality. It is precisely the possible continuity of contemporary forms of representation with colonial narratives that the thesis traces in three media discourses - the British media outlet The Guardian, the Czech server iDNES.cz and the Qatari media outlet Al Jazeera. Through a combination of social semiotic analysis applied to selected photographs and a discursive historical approach to critical discourse analysis used to deconstruct meanings in media texts, representations were analysed in the context of two Haitian natural disasters: the 2016 Hurricane Matthew and the 2021 earthquake. The research showed that modes of representation change in relation to the location from which they are formed and subsequently articulated, and are thus...
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Bullying of teachers by pupils and solution options
Macháčková, Andrea ; Kuba, Radim (advisor) ; Průšová, Denisa (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of bullying of teachers by pupils. This is a significant problem, but one that has often received insufficient attention in the literature. Nowadays, it is becoming even more relevant, and therefore this phenomenon has been discussed more frequently. The present paper is a literature search based on original empirical research on teacher-pupil bullying. The aim of the thesis is to provide an insight into the issues surrounding this form of bullying and to summarise the basic knowledge associated with it. The thesis also looks at possible solutions. The main purpose of the literature search is to sort out information about the frequency of bullying and its causes. Understanding the reasons may help to reduce the incidence of this phenomenon. The last part is devoted to possible solutions. Approaches that could lead to a reduction or complete elimination of bullying.
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The issue of the crime victim in criminology
Ulrychová, Kristýna ; Pelc, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
The issue of the crime victim in criminology Abstract This thesis deals with the issue of the crime victim in criminology. It aims to introduce the reader to this issue not only through describing the development of the view of the victim throughout history, but also by taking the reader through the process of victimization and introducing them to, among other things, the role that the victim's behaviour or the relationship between victim and offender may play in this process. I also outline what factors can influence anyone to become a victim and the impact a crime can have on a victim. Finally, I describe the current state of victim protection in selected legislation and the types of assistance provided to victims. I also pay attention to victimological prevention, its types and forms. In the text of the thesis, I also mention several de lege ferenda proposals. The method I have used in my thesis is mainly descriptive and analytical. This thesis is divided into an introduction, five additional parts, which are then divided into chapters and some into sections, and a conclusion. The first part is devoted to the definition of criminology and then victimology, its subject, a brief history of its development and the changing view of the victim. It also looks at the concept of the victim in criminology and the...
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The role of social and psychological counselling in case of help for victims of criminal acts.
POLATOVÁ, Lenka
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of helping victims of crime with an emphasis on the psychological side and the goal is to analyse the options of that help. The first chapter deals with victimology and victimization, basic concepts that are important for understanding the issue. The next chapter emphasizes the concept of victim. It explains the typology of victims and also discusses victims' rights. The fourth chapter focuses on the issue of particularly vulnerable victims. What is also important is the section on entities that provide help to victims of crimes. I focus in more detail on the two most important entities, which are the Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic and the non-profit organization White Circle of Safety which represents the non-state sector. The most important part of the thesis comes in the last but one chapter, and it focuses on specific assistance for victims of crimes. The chapter deals with the principles of laic, especially psychological and social assistance. Finally, I focus on crime prevention. The whole issue is complemented by interviews with experts who provide help to victims. The acquired knowledge shows how important the work of providers of care for crime victims is, and indicates how significant benefit it has for the users.
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The Problem of Bullying in High Schools
BEJŠOVEC, Lukáš
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of bullying at high schools. It is focused on two main protagonists of bullying: victims and primarily bullies. The aim of the thesis was to analyse the prevalence and the forms of bullying at high schools and to describe two main protagonists of the bullying. Theoretical part consists of the theoretical framework, which is based upon not only Czech, but especially a foreign literature. The practical part includes questionnaire that was carried out on three different high schools in Sedlcany in which 180 respondents participated. The evaluation and comparison are made among beforementioned high schools.
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Sexual violence against adolescents from the perspective of Czech society
Kopecká, Anna ; Ezrová, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Hrešanová, Ema (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with sexual violence against adolescents in the optics of Czech society. It is qualitative research conducted through semi-structured interviews. The data generated is then analysed using thematic analysis based on six themes relevant to the topic under study. These are the themes of The Rapist, Willingness to talk about the experience, Reactions of the environment and their influence on the narrator, Narrators, Future relationships, Prevention. The theoretical part of the thesis describes and defines the relevant themes and concepts within sexual violence. In the first part, the definitions, where the concept of victimization is explained in addition to sexual violence. This is followed by a description of the actors involved in the act, i.e. the rapist and the victim, and an explanation of their mutual status. The next section then focuses on the consequences of sexual violence, dividing them according to their spheres of influence. This is followed by a chapter on the concept of rape culture, which is also linked to mass media. The last chapter deals with the construction of social reality, a topic central to the subsequent interpretation of the research findings. Thus, in this section the text focuses on the concepts of habitus and framing. After the theoretical...
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Criminalistic theory of victims of crime
Kallabová, Markéta ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
1 Criminalistic theory of victims of crime Abstract The diploma thesis focused on Criminalization of Crime Victims deals with the issue of victims from the perspective of criminalistic victimology, which is a relatively young field examining the victim in terms of its impact on the crime investigation process, in connection with victimology findings. The thesis is divided into introduction, conclusion and four chapters, which provide insight into the issues of criminalistic victimology. The first chapter is devoted to the primary characteristics of the concerned field, including the definition of basic terms. In particular, the work deals with the victim of crime, its legal basis and description of rights that are guaranteed by Victims of Crime Act. Furthermore, the work discusses the concept of vulnerability and the process of victimization, where the thesis focuses mainly on secondary victimization, its sources and impacts. The second chapter in all its subchapters focuses on the subject of criminalistic victimology. Firstly, the thesis deals with the role of the victim in the genesis of the offense and with the importance of the victim's relationship with the perpetrator. The work also deals with material and memory traces of which the victim is the originator and the holder, and which are a valuable...
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Victimisation and Assistence for Victims of Crime
Hofrichter, Tomáš ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Novotný, Oto (referee)
The aim of my dissertation is to describe in detail the issue of victim of crime. The thesis is composed of seven chapters which include three main topics. The first three chapters create general introduction to the subject, its matter of interest, present historical overview, explain the general terms of the topic, such as victimology, damage, victimity etc., define the subject of victimology and describe the possible factors of the relation between victim and trespasser, their mutual interaction during and after the criminal act. Chapter four concentrates on the negative aftereffects created during the criminal investigation process, which is called victimization. This chapter is divided into four subsections (primary victimization, secondary victimization, tertiary victimization and revictimization). The fifth chapter focuses on assistance to the victim and ways of obtainable compensation. The chapter mainly deals with family assistance, psychological assistance and social assistance. In connection with the psychological assistance, the chapter gives a brief overview on Bílý kruh bezpečí (White Circle of Safety), its activities and work methodology. This chapter also deals with rights of victims and protection of witnesses. The chapter six describes current Czech proposal of the Act on Victim of...
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Victimization in Margaret Atwood's The Blind Assassin
Tomanová, Michaela ; Topolovská, Tereza (advisor) ; Chalupský, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to explore the theme of victimization in Margaret Atwood's novel, The Blind Assassin. The theoretical part of the work presents two theories elaborating on this topic. The first Atwood outlined herself in Survival, her influential book about Canadian literature. The second one is Trauma and Recovery by Judith Herman, which highlights the role of post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of abuse, often in the victim's childhood. In the practical part, Atwood's widely acclaimed 2000 novel, The Blind Assassin, is interpreted through the prism of these two theories.
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